Workplace Bullying Essay Example for Free

Working environment Bullying Essay Presentation Thesis Exploration on working environment harassing started in the late 1980s. The field has since developed, including articles, sites, and books regarding the matter. As per the 2014 WBI US Workplace Bullying Survey, 27% of Americans have been focuses of work environment tormenting; an extra 21% have been observer to the harassing; and a sum of 72% know that work environment harassing happens. (WBI the Workplace Bullying Institute, 2014) As of the composition of this paper,â there is no state or government law yet established to force American bosses to address injurious direct that happens outside the constrained meanings of illicit unfair activities. This paper will characterize harassing, think about the profile and attributes of a common domineering jerk, consider research on the point and endeavor to comprehend why tormenting is permitted to proceed in the working environment. 1 What is tormenting As per Susan Futterman, in her book When You Work for a Bully: Assessing Your Options and Taking Action, perusers are urged to, â€Å"take a stage back to ensure you’re recognizing certified input, even criticism undiplomatically introduced, and bullying.† (Futterman Paroutaud, 2004) Futterman assists with separating between poor administration abilities and tormenting by depicting harassing as: Persistent Gives input which isn't helpful and centers around insignificant issues Based on bogus or contorted allegations Relates to ridiculous or absurd focuses on that are set subjectively Is not joined by useful endeavors to determine issues Another definition originates from Workplace Bullying Institute, depicts work environment harassing as â€Å"repeated, wellbeing hurting abuse of at least one people (the objectives) by at least one perpetrators.† It further expresses that the oppressive direct is â€Å"threatening, mortifying, or intimidating†; includes work obstruction through damage which keeps work from completing; or potentially boisterous attack. (WBI the Workplace Bullying Institute, 2014) Figure 1.1 speaks to the scope of negative practices that happen in the working environment. As per The Bully-Free Workplace: Stop Jerks, Weasels, and Snakes From Killing Your Organization, harassing, in its mildest structure tumbles to one side of lack of respect and when it is extreme can prompt hopelessness and even self destruction. (Namie, The Bully-Free Workplace: Stop Jerks, Weasels, and Snakes From Killing Your Organization, 2011) Figure 1.1 The Continuum of Negative Interpersonal Behavior (Namie, The Bully-Free Workplace: Stop Jerks, Weasels, and Snakes From Killing Your Organization, 2011) 2 Why individuals should think about the topic In his book, WORKPLACE BULLYING: ESCALATED INCIVILITY, Gary Namie, PhD takes note of that organizations ought to be worried about tormenting, if for no other explanation than its capability to harm the primary concern. â€Å"Employers are disappointed with turnover and interruption brought about by menaces. It frequently costs an organization a huge number of dollars to select, recruit and train another representative to supplant a harassed specialist who left. (Namie, WORKPLACE BULLYING: ESCALATED INCIVILITY, 2003) This declaration is upheld up by Tim Field, a prominent British enemy of harassing extremist with his principle center identifying with working environment tormenting, â€Å"Most instances of working environment tormenting include a sequential domineering jerk, to whom all the brokenness can be followed. An individual w ho is being harassed may definitely know, or come to understand that they have a series of forerunners who have either: left out of the blue or in dubious conditions; have gone on long haul wiped out leave with a type of mental issue, and stayed away forever; taken unforeseen early or sick wellbeing retirement,  have been associated with a complaint or disciplinary or lawful activity; have had pressure breakdowns;â have been over-passionately taught for some inconsequential or non-existent reason.† (Field) 3 †Who are the domineering jerks and who are the objectives? (Profiles) Bullies According to the 2014 WBI U.S. Work environment Bullying Survey: February 2014, in spite of the fact that domineering jerks were less inclined to be ladies than men (31% versus 69%), ladies menaces were almost certain (68% of the cases) to menace other ladies as opposed to men. In the Workplace Bullying Surveys, the rates were also lopsidedly high for ladies menaces. The Workplace Bullying Survey question solicited respondents to recognize the sexual orientation from the domineering jerks and focuses in circumstances with which they were natural. (Nam ie, Christensen, Phillips, 2014 WBI U.S. Working environment Bullying Survey, 2014) Figure 3.1 †Bullies by Gender (Namie, Christensen, Phillips, 2014 WBI U.S. Working environment Bullying Survey, 2014) In his article, Introduction of the Serial Bully, Tim Field states that harassers share qualities, including: â€Å"Plausible Charisma, Charm and Empathy Most working environment badgering and abuse (80%) is totally legitimate. Strikingly, a threatening workplace is noteworthy (unlawful) just in not many circumstances. Harassing isn't just endured in business, it is frequently observed as fundamental. Administrators are hesitant to pass laws that reign in free working environment savagery bringing about mental injury. (WBI the Workplace Bullying Institute, 2014) Employers respond to laws with interior arrangements. As per the WBI Healthy Workplace Bill, the estimation of an enemy of tormenting law is to get businesses to forestall harassing with arrangements and systems that apply to all representatives. The WBI Healthy Workplace Bill, made by law educator David Yamada for the Healthy Workplace Campaign, gives motivators to businesses to address working environment harassing by maintaining a strategic distance from costly case. (Hyman, 2014) Businesses Dont Know How to Stop Bullies Respondents of the Workplace Bullying Survey were certain that businesses neglect to suitably respond to harsh lead significantly more every now and again than they find a way to wipe out tormenting. Forswearing and limiting were the most widely recognized responses by managers. (Namie, Christensen, Phillips, 2014 WBI U.S. Working environment Bullying Survey, 2014) Figure 6.1: Employers Reaction to Bullying (Namie, Christensen, Phillips, 2014 WBI U.S. Work environment Bullying Survey, 2014) Bullying Is Underreported As indicated by the 2014 Workplace Bullying Survey, (40%) of targets never tell their bosses that they are being harassed. (Namie, Christensen, Phillips, 2014 WBI U.S. Work environment Bullying Survey, 2014) Bullying can likewise be wrongly marked as struggle or a minor contrast in character styles. Albeit both are articulations are valid, harassing is additionally a type of brutality, which places it into an alternate classification. Excessively oversimplified names can limit the effect of harassing on both the objectives and the association. (WBI the Workplace Bullying Institute, 2014) 7 †Suggested Actions †Targets and Employers Targets Representatives who are or have been survivors of working environment tormenting ought to understand that it isn't their issue that they are being harassed. In the event that they are experiencing negative impacts the harassing they should look for help from a specialist or guide and, if the tormenting is continuous, from a vocation counselor who can assist them with arranging an occupation or profession change. (Work environment Bullying, 2014) Until there are formal arrangements or laws set up, as is demonstrated in Figure 6.1, it could be hard to challenge the tormenting, contingent upon the corporate culture and the position and impact of the domineering jerk. Businesses Since working environment harassing can be destroying to representatives and organizations, a few organizations have initiated zero-resilience arrangements toward working environment tormenting. In these organizations, if a representative is being tormented the individual in question needs to archive the harassing and present the issue to the best possible individual in the organization, as a rule somebody in HR or upper administration. Organizations with great enemy of tormenting strategies generally hold gatherings every now and then to remind representatives what working environment harassing is, the manner by which to report it, and the ramifications for harassing. (Einarsen, Hoel, Zapf, Cary, 2011) There are a few organizations that support an organization culture of working environment tormenting. Normally organizations don't deliberately bolster harassing, however they may build up an issue with it either through not paying attention to working environment tormenting or by building up the propensity for setting fault and flaw finding as opposed to taking care of issues. In these organizations, workers who put forth a defense against menaces may find that the tormenting just deteriorates. In this circumstance, representatives regularly need to either make the best of the circumstance or find distinctive work. (Einarsen, Hoel, Zapf, Cary, 2011) 8 Summary In spite of the fact that there is still no law against working environment harassing, there are moral and main concern motivations to urge businesses to proactively look out and end work environment tormenting including expanded profitability, and resolve of the objectives and those affected as witnesses. With the developing number of individuals being focused on and the patterns to address the issue, it is by all accounts just a short time until laws against working environment tormenting are authorized. Onceâ employers begin to order formal approaches and methods denouncing working environment tormenting, at that point menaces will know the outcomes of their activities and some may stop; and targets should have a motivating force to report occurrences of harassing. Human asset divisions will at that point have formal strategies and procedures to manage the detailed harassing cases. References WBI the Workplace Bullying Institute. (2014, May 15). Recovered from Workplace Bullying Institute: http://www.workplacebullying.org/wbiresearch/Workplace Bullying. (2014, May 19). Recovered from Bullying Statistics: http://www.bullyingstatistics.org/content/work environment bullying.html Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., Cary, C. (2011). Tormenting and Harassment in the Workplace: Developments in Theory, Research, and Practice. Boca Raton: Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. Field, T. (n.d.). Prologue to the Serial Bully. Recovered from Bullyonline.com: http://bullyon

History of computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of figuring - Essay Example So it is really and at first astounding to find that he is considered as a forebear of certain significant and exceptionally specialized registering standards and that he came to impact a large number of the turns of events and designers in figuring innovation. Piatteli-Palmarani (1980) clarified that Chomsky’s scholarly profession started as an understudy of language â€Å"whose approach was established in thorough philosophical investigation and in formal consistent scientific methods.† (pxxii) During this period he was a progressive, looking to address the deficiency of the then surviving endeavors at clarifying the idea of language. His enthusiastic work and virtuoso empowered him to create progressive worries in semantics by detailing a plan for logical phonetics, which is the recognizable proof of â€Å"a set of linguistic guidelines that would produce syntactic depictions for the entirety of the admissible and none of the nonpermissible sentences in any given language.† (pxxii) It gives the idea this early, his affinity for the specialized way to deal with etymology is as of now evident †a variable that would be shown in further works and appropriate to figuring issues also. His considerations around there, recorded in a progression of distributed materials, clarified his position that the human brain is exceptionally delicate to the theoretical semantic structures. They are probably never learned on the grounds that such acknowledgment, as indicated by Chomsky, is inborn in human information framework. After this phase in Chomsky’s vocation, he would take up the clubs for a few and various causes that extended from legislative issues to brain research. In this last angle, for example, Chomsky had a generally advanced clash with unavoidable therapist Jean Piaget. At a certain point, followers of the two gatherings figured out how to have them meet and discussion their contentions, bringing about an exhibit of Chomsky’s bent in an

And Id Do It Again Books We Wish We Could Read Again for the First Time

And Id Do It Again Books We Wish We Could Read Again for the First Time Sometimes a reading a particular book can be  so amazing, so life-changing, or so personal, that when other people read it, you feel envious that you cant experience it for the first time all over again. Theyre not always the best books youve ever read, just books that made a difference in your life when you read them. Heres a list of books Rioters wish they could read again for the first time. Tell us yours in the comments! A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L’Engle My copy of A Wrinkle in Time is, well, wrinkled at this point. The cover is coming off, and it tends to flop open at my favorite chapter. That’s because I’ve been reading it, on and off, for almost 25 years. At this point, I’ve developed habits around reading it. I read my favorite parts slowly and skim the rest. I wish I could go back and experience the book as a whole, as it’s meant to be read, again, without anticipating what’s going to happen next. â€" A.J. O’Connell The Library At Mount Char by Scott Hawkins This is one of those questions I can probably come up with a long list of answers toranging from favorite childhood books (Matilda) to great thrillers I’d like to forget the “twist” tobut rather than driving myself insane trying to pick one, I’m going to go with a recent read. The Library At Mount Char was SO bananas, and awesome, and I desperately needed to know what was happening that I inhaled the book too quickly. I wish I could read it again, slowly, taking in each detail, character, and story. â€" Jamie Canaves Tracks by Louise Erdrich In some ways, this was a great door opening to the rest of Erdrich’s work. I had come across her before, but this book revealed her power. In other words, this novel was the beginning of a wonderful relationship with Erdrich’s stark yet beautiful magical reality. It made me value folklore, the struggle of producing it, and a window into a culture. After this book, something opened in my brain and I went seeking other works like hers and other authors. I borrowed the novel at the time of reading it and now that I’ve written this little post, I’m going to have to buy it and reread. Then hug it. â€" Jessi Lewis The Secret History by Donna Tartt You know those people who re-read Harry Potter over and over again because they love the experience of going back to Hogwarts? For several years that was me with The Secret History, and yes I know this isn’t about wizards but a group of cerebral misfits, and yet it had the same kind of draw. It was also the book that pulled me out of the classics and brought me into contemporary fiction. Before that, I didn’t know that a brand new book could make me as excited as something in the “canon.” I would love to read this book for the first time. Now each re-reading is almost too familiar, hitting those same notes, going through the same motions, with no room for surprise. I’d love to meet these characters for the first time all over again. â€" Jessica Woodbury Dreams From My Father by Barack Obama Not to be dramatic? This book changed my life. When I first read it, in 2005, I was deeply entrenched in the rhetoric of Sean Hannity and other Fox News personalities. I had strong negative opinions about Democrats in general, though I think President Obama’s book was the first time I ever allowed myself to listen to one. And I loved everything about Dreams. I grew for his insights on how racism is experienced, how class differentials operate, and on how we are formed by our connections to our family pasts. My connected political transformations weren’t immediatefor a while, I let myself think of then-Senator Obama as “the one good Democrat”but when the same pundits whose “insights” I’d relied upon started attacking him in 2008, I was armed against their untruths with the reality of Dreams. Years later, I’m embarrassed about where I was when I first read it, so I haven’t gone back. I’d love to experience Dreams afresh from thi s political vantage, and see how it strikes me sans preconceived notions of who Democratsor anyone, reallyare allowed to be. â€" Michelle Anne Schingler Pillars of the Earth by Ken Follett This was the first book I read that enraptured me so completely that I dreamed about it at night. I was completely caught up in every storyline, not just the “main characters.” The character building was slow and thorough, while the plot was easy to follow. Many book of this magnitude cause me to keep a notebook of who’s who and notes about subplots. Not so with Pillars. Not only did I not have to keep a notebook what was going on, but I couldn’t stop thinking about the characters. It was also the first historical fiction I read with minute historical details that I didn’t find distracting or Dickens-style overly detailed. It opened new genres for me I had been previously closed off to before and taught me about the benefits of reading outside my comfort zone. â€" Nikki DeMarco Matilda by Roald Dahl I hope that in your life you have or will come across a book that seems written for you. When I picked up Matilda as a shy, quiet child, I remember thinking for the first time that perhaps specialness isnt the exclusive property of the beautiful extroverts, but that bookish loners could also claim it. And as a soft-spoken kid, discovering the streak of wild daring and puckishness in unassuming Matilda was thrilling and inspiring. Dahl was so good at creating characters that are more than they seem. It wasnt even necessarily Matildas magical gift that defined her specialness, it was that she used her many hidden abilities to fight on the side of the ignored and belittled. While I cant recreate that first personal revelation I gained from Dahls story, Matilda is a book I return to time and again when I need reassurance. It has become one of my dearest friends. â€" S. Zainab Williams Slowness by Milan Kundera The first time I read this book I had what I think is the exact reaction the author intended: I slowed down, got into the mood, and just enjoyed the heck out of every page. The book is a slim one, with Kundera (as himself) at a French chateau on vacation telling a story that eventually weaves in several other stories: a Chevalier from eighteenth-century France visits the chateau and has a long, drawn out, extremely sensuous affair; while a friend of Kundera makes his own pick-up attempt, in real time real life. It’s all about recognizing that we live in a very fast paced life, and allowing a brief escape from that, to enjoy the finer details the world offers. It’s beautiful, but now every time I read it I just want that first-time feeling back, and sadly, it just doesn’t come. â€" Alison Peters Any Discworld book by Terry Pratchett Terry Pratchett got me back into reading after a very, very long drought. I picked up a Discworld book at randomMaking Money, maybe, or Going Postaland I was hooked immediately into his world. His on-point satire also has an enormous dose of heart that keeps me coming back and back again for characters that I love; meeting them again for the first time would be fantastic (especially since Sir Terry is no longer with us). â€" Susie Rodarme Moby-Dick by Herman Melville I first read Moby Dick when I was a kid. I’m talking like, when I was 10. My parents loved buying me classic novels, and in the case of Moby-Dick, had picked me up a watered-down version of the epic, with illustrations and bigger text for younger kids. I remember devouring that book as a kid, and then, when I was a teenager, revisiting the original. I marveled at how the book seemed to be about EVERYTHING, and gushed to my many friends who rolled their eyes. I’d love to have that feeling again with that book, the discovery that there was so much more to a story I thought I’d known years ago. Maybe I’ll read one of those “classics for kids” type books, a version of a classic I’ve yet to read, and try it again. Probably won’t be the same though. â€" Eric Smith The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down by Anne Fadiman I don’t remember when I first read this book, but it changed my ways of thinking in two significant ways. It was the first book I remember reading that showed me what a really great narrative nonfiction writer can do, making a true story read with the same ferocity and impact as fiction. More significantly, it was the first book I read that showed me that even good people can make irreversible mistakes when they don’t take the time to truly understand some of our deep cultural differences. It’s a book I’m afraid to reread because I love it so much… I wish I had the chance to read it again. â€" Kim Ukura The Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling I am a total Potterhead, and I write this with a lot of pride! Even though I love re-reading the HP books when I am feeling nostalgic, I do find myself getting a bit bored because I know what’s coming. I would give anything to go through it all again, without knowing what Severus Snape is all about and that it all ends well for Harry, Hermione, and Ron. I feel like the magic has been somewhat ruined because I already know the story so well, so this was a no-brainer for me. â€" Nicole Froio Night Train to Memphis by Elizabeth Peters I first read this book in fifth grade, and it used to be my go-to comfort read. While objectively speaking it’s not the best book in the Vicky Bliss series, it’s the first one I read, and I do tend to remain loyal to my firsts. Not to mention the fact that it takes place on a Nile cruise, the heroine’s an art historian (over identify much, Tasha?), and she’s surrounded by handsome Egyptologists and dashing art thieves. I’ve read it so many times I lost count, and that’s why I wish I could read it againâ€"it just doesn’t offer the same sense of escapism as it used to. I find myself anticipating all the twists and turns instead of just relaxing into story, and I inevitably stop a few hundred pages in and move on to something else. Sadface. â€" Tasha Brandstatter Jane Eyre by  Charlotte Brontë  The beautiful writing makes this a joy to read every time, but I loved the suspense of not knowing what would happen the first time I read it when I was a kid. I wish I could recover the sense of mystery the book had when it was still new to me.  â€" Kate Scott Life After Life by Kate Atkinson Life After Life is so intricately constructed, and with such elegance, that reading it for the first time felt like magic. How could a book with such a complex structurefilled with layered timelines, repeated scenes, and subtle shiftswork so well? How could any book work so well? Any time you get to read Life After Life is a good time, but reading it again for the first time would be especially magical. â€" Derek Attig The Girl Who Circumnavigated Fairyland In a Ship of Her Own Making by Catherynne M. Valente  I read this book early in my career as a bookseller specializing in children’s books. I wasn’t super invested in kids books when I began the job, and I think Valente’s series is what really opened my eyes to the rich world of kids books that I’d been missing since “graduating” to adult books. I had such a visceral, positive reaction to this book (I wrote one quote on my arm immediately upon reading it) and, to date, it’s my most handsold kids book. I’d love to meet September, Saturday, and Ell again for the first time; to visit Fairyland and its provinces (especially my favorite, Autumn, with its town made of bread); and to read the end with a plot twist I honestly didn’t see coming. â€" Emma Nichols The Sandman by Neil Gaiman  This ten-volume collection, along with some of the mini-series and recent collection, is one of the most important works of my teenagedom, firing my rocket brain off to imagination spaces unknown. Gaiman’s The Sandman showed me the true power of the comic book medium, and what happened when you stopped playing with conventional plots. The King of Dreams must learn to change or die, and makes his choice; that’s the running arc of the whole series. But The Sandman was so much more than that: it was about story itself, about how myths and dreams and fables, and the power that each of these things have in our own lives to help us overcome adversity, deal with grief and trauma, ascend the cruelty of the world, and learn how to live well and how to be good and how to treat others. I’d not trade my teenage years reading them, and how they influenced me, but the chance to go back and meet Morpheus, Matthew the Raven, Lucien the Library, Fiddler’s Green, an d the ever lovely, Death? That would be quite a story, indeed, and one I’d love to read. â€" Martin Cahill Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen I love this book and have, like some sort of romantic comedy stereotype, read it every few years. I first read it at school, though, and I can’t help wishing my first time with it had been less about classrooms, essays, and exams and more about discovering Mr. Darcy for myself on a library bookshelf. â€" Rachel Weber Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes  I read DQ when I was 15 because at that time I had the urge to read every massive, classic novel I could get my hands on. When I started it, I assumed that it would be stodgy and/or boring because it was written so many centuries ago, but BOY was I surprised to find myself laughing hysterically with each passing chapter. The energy, comedy, and sheer ridiculousness made me giddy, and I understood more clearly then that great novels could be both accessible and enjoyable- and even hilarious. â€" Rachel Cordasco Flowers From the Storm by Laura Kinsale  I had discovered romance a short time before tackling this classic historical romance. (You know how I get mad when people say Fabio is on the cover of all romance novels? Okay, well you can say that about this one, because he was, and what over the top Fabiosity it is.) It’s one of those wacky plots only Kinsale can sell: A brilliant mathematician who is also a roguish duke has a stroke, the world thinks he’s “gone mad” and his scheming family tries to lock him away. But a demure, observant Quaker woman ends up, though a set of coincidences, becoming his support, his defender, and his champion, despite thoroughly disapproving of his materialistic ways. The intensity of the romance floored me. I rarely cry at fiction, but I was in tears several times reading this one. I think what makes it so special to me is not just how much I loved it (the audio version is also superb) but that it was the most complex and beautifully written romance I had read until that point. I didn’t think romance novels could be judged on the same merits as other kinds of fiction. Now I know better. â€" Jessica Tripler We Have Always Lived in the Castle by Shirley Jackson I read this book when I was eleven, simply because I saw it sitting in my teachers bag by her desk. I was curious to read what a grown-up was reading. (No, I didnt swipe it I got my own copy.) The copy I had didnt have a description on it, so I went in not knowing what I was about to read. And holy cats I could not believe what I was reading! Its a story told by  a teenage  girl, about her family. But not a normal family. It was so sinister and strange. I had no idea books could do that! For the first time I realized just how much stories can wriggle and transform in your hands. And the ending! It must have been such a mind-blower when it came out. Now practically every story told strives to have a twist. This book, it was magic. It is still magic. Evil, brilliant magic.  â€" Liberty Hardy

Technology The Promise, Peril, And New Business Of...

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Expectations For American Presidents Vary Depending On

Expectations for American presidents vary depending on the people s opinion and involvement in political parties. Whether Democrat or a Republican, all citizens want the United States to flourish. As years go on and new presidents come and go, America has to face problems that lead to either success or failure. It is up to the president to decide the best way to handle those situations. Unfortunately, most presidents fail to thrive in those positions due to pressure and uncertainty of the result. Theodore Roosevelt was an effective president who knew exactly what to do and when to do it so that America would grow into a more established country. Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, was born in New York City on October†¦show more content†¦The happy couple got married and settled in Oyster Bay, New York. They had five children of their own: Theodore, Kermit, Ethel, Archibald, and Quentin. They raised them, along with Alice, in a home known as Sagamore Hill. As time went on, he began writing and published quite a few books. Later, he ran unsuccessfully for mayor, however he was appointed to the U.S. Civil Service Commission. He was doing exceedingly well at his job so he was promoted to Commissioner. He strictly imposed the laws because he was devoted to making America a better country. In 1895, he became the president of the New York City Police Board, then two years later was assistant secretary of the Navy. Later he resigned to create the U.S. Volunteer Cavalry, which consisted of the Rough Riders, â€Å"a company that consisted of Ivy League men, cowboys, police, and many others.† (The Soldiers). After the Spanish-American War Roosevelt wrote, I would rather have led that charge and earned my colonelcy than served three terms in the United States Senate. It makes me feel as though I could now leave something to my children which will serve as an apology for my having existed.(Miller Center). 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The Frivolity of Evil by Theodore Dalrymple Essay - 886 Words

The article The Frivolity of Evil by Theodore Dalrymple analyzes the causes of human misery. His work as a psychiatrist in Great Britains slums afforded him a great vantage point to analyze this topic nearer to the fundamental of human existence. He concluded that the citizens of Great Britian willingly participated in precipitating their own misery. Their are three recurring theme in his article the lack of moral responsibility, extreme individualism and lack of cultural expectations. Dalrymple begins his article by showing the mind frame of a prisoner released from prison, who had the idea that he had paid his debt to society. In order to get his point across Dalrymple compares the prisoners situation to his very own, the 14†¦show more content†¦He believed that this shift in thinking leads people to imply that dissatisfaction with life is itself pathological. The idea that this is an illness that can be cured by a doctor. Dalrymple believed that this form of thinki ng stands in the way of people understanding their situation and impedes moral change. The lack of moral responsibility was a recurring theme he observed in his patients. The patient who claimed unhappiness had three different children by three different men. The fathers of the three children lived a life of criminality and violence. Knowing this she still choose to enter into a relationship with them regardless of the consequences. What is confounding is the lack of moral responsibility the patients exhibit towards her children. Their is no punishment from the government or society for the actions she makes. The idea of self interest is prominent is this articles. These individuals base their decisions on their on self interest. They only have a responsibility to their own happiness. Her actions are due to the fact that she did not want to remain alone. He mother based her decisions to turn her daughter out based on the thought that her own sexual liaisons were more imp ortant than caring for her child. The mother of the patient created a cycle of misery for her daughter that, the daughter in turn will create for her own children.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Theodore Dalrymple And The Frivolity Of Evil1044 Words   |  5 PagesTheodore Dalrymple and The Frivolity of Evil ‘The Frivolity of Evil’ is an article written by retired psychiatrist, Theodore Dalrymple. Dalrymple has spent 14 years of his life working in the lower-class slum and prison hospitals in Birmingham, England. His exposure to the lower class in his work has given rise to his unique interested in ‘evil’ or as his title suggest, the lack of seriousness that is taken in regard to evil actions and its recent growth. Dalrymple has traveled all over the world

Compare Theodore Roosevelts free essay sample

Though Wilson seemed to have many more acts In ACH category, mostly economic), he only acknowledged these few areas, unlike Roosevelt who acknowledged a whole array of areas such as labor, economy, politics, consumer protection, and environmental conservation. The Progressive Era was the time period after the depression of the sass and before World War l. During this time the united States was going through a period of social change and political tumult.The American Society embarked on a Journey of many reforms as a response to the diverse tensions and pressures presented by industrialization, urban growth, and ethnic tension. The roots of this reform clearly lay in the depression of the sass (1893 to 1897). The depression traumatized the problems in society, and raised the possibility of more violent upheavals if reform was not Instituted. Major areas needing reform were poor public facilities, tax favoritism, corruption, environmental reform, and urban reform.This was a period of self-examination and renewal; it was a healthful contribution to the nations history books. Even if the new regulatory agencies direct primaries, municipal reforms and conservation legislations may not have made all wrong things right, they were able o make some significant change for the better. These new laws and commissions act had alleviated many citizens and had established the principle of governments responsibility for the general welfare of the various elements of the social order.The progressive era was a further demonstration of the United States success with democratic capitalism; It showed the societys ability to change itself for the better without a revolution. The most important legacy of the progressive era was the example it set for gradual measured reform. (Gould, 1-10) During the Progressive Era, there were two prominent Progressive Presidents each tit his own policy for progression out of the nasty and crude elements that plagued politics, the economy, and society in general. Theodore Roosevelt was the first Progressive President; he was renowned for being a strong president with a strong personality.He was outraged at the Injustices experienced as a small business oppressed by a big business, or a worker by a boss, or the forests by the Industrial greed of this era. Roosevelt was sympathetic for the individual who suffered the 1 OFF sympathetic for those without the opportunity to speak up for their rights, but rather is love for Justice was what fueled him more. He sought to reform these problems under his policy known as the Square Deal. The purpose of the Square Deal was expressed in this statement of his the labor unions shall a square deal, and the corporations shall have a square deal. Essentially he meant that there should be equality of opportunity, and Justice to each individual, or corporation despite their background, status or size. The second major Progressive President was Woodrow Wilson. He wasnt known for a very strong personality rather he was renowned for his strong sense of conviction. Wilson believed that national identity and character branched out from the liberty of petty capitalists to release their energies and develop the economy. He felt the emergence of these new monopolistic style trusts were endangering this process by cutting of entire industries to newcomers.He also felt that members of certain big businesses and certain unidentified political bosses had formed a small oligarchic alliance; this small group of men controlled the government and the economy, while the true freedom began to slide away. Thus his policy was known as New Freedom. Under the New Freedom he sought to store power to competition among small corporations rather that regulate large monopolies. Roosevelt Square Deal and Willows New Freedom were policies that they used to help improve American economy, society and politics.However Roosevelt tried to reform many areas, Willows focus of reform was mostly economic. (Gould, 97-100) (Staunchness, 62,81 16, 127) (Whitehall, 162) A major part of both policies was the breaking up and regulating of trusts. Roosevelt never wanted to dissolve or destroy the large corporations rather he saw them as necessary parts of American life. However he felt that these companies must be mounded tightly to strict moral standards. Roosevelt followed the idea of rules of reason which was the policy of busting bad trusts, leaving good ones alone. He was the person who would decide which trusts were good and which ones were bad. He earned the name of trustees when he had filed a suit against the Northern Securities Company (which was followed by 43 other cases). This was Roosevelt first case, in which he filed a suit against a large corporation for the purpose of trust busting. The Northern Securities Company was a large holding company that was formed by railroad and banking interests. In 1902 Roosevelt trust busted them by claiming that they violated the Sherman Anti-Trust Act in holding money against the public good, thus the court ruled to dissolve the company.In two later cases he also attacked the Standard Oil of New Jersey and the American Tobacco Company. He left many of the larger companies that were serving the public good alone, but he had dissolved many other large companies that were monopolistic and never really served the interest of American well being or economy. In 1903 he persuaded Congress to form a Department of Commerce and Labor. Along with a Bureau of Commerce, which loud investigate and regulate business practices. In the 1905 case of Swift vs.. U. S. The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 was further strengthened under Roosevelt. He wanted to strengthen it because he wanted to make railroad legislature stronger, especially for the farmers who were at the mercy of railroad middlemen. Thus he wanted to strengthen the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC). Under the Oilskins Act (1903) he was able to make rebates illegal. Under the Hepburn Act (1906) the ICC was given the power to inspect books, fix maximum rates, disallow free passes to legislators, put burden of proof on business instead of ICC, and allow coagulation of pipelines. Wilson felt that he stood for regulated competition while Roosevelt stood for regulated monopoly. The Federal Trade Commission Act, which as instituted to promote free and fair trade competition created the Federal Trade Commission. It investigated economically unfair business practices and it regulated and attempted to rectify these practices. The commission regularly generated statistics of economic and business conditions, and offered them to the public. Another Major step towards trust busting under Wilson was the Clayton Antitrust Act. The Clayton Antitrust Act was designed to clarify the Sherman antitrust Act in terms of new economic issues that had arisen in this new era.The practices such as local price-cutting and price discrimination were made illegal. Both Wilson and Roosevelt attempted reform of he corporations, however Wilson attempted to totally break up large trust, while Roosevelt felt they were necessary if they had and special benefits towards society. (Gould, 97-100)(Conclusions, 62,81 , 1 16, The Square Deal and New Freedom also addressed the issue of taxes and tariffs, with a keen interest in better outcomes for the average person rather than the wealthy en. During Roosevelt Presidency the tariffs were generally high. Under Wilson a prominent tariff was the Underworld-Simmons Tariff, which reduced the previous tariffs to about 29 percent. It also included a graduated income tax, which later was made legal via the constitution as the sixteenth amendment, this made up for monetary loss. Wilson, noticed that it followed his principle of New Freedom, thus he heavily advocated it. The Supreme Court originally declared the income tax, as unconstitutional, however it was later ratified as the Sixteenth Amendment. This new rower was first used in the Tariff Act of 1913, which had set the tax of corporate income at 1 percent.It also levied a 1 percent tax on all rich families. The Income tax has been greatly increased, as the tariffs have been lowered. The tariff and tax reform was greater during Willows Presidency than Roosevelt Presidency. (Gould, 97-100) (Staunchness, 62,81 16, 127) (Whitehall, 162) One of the most notorious aspects of the Industrial Revolution was the increasingly worsening condition for laborers within the work place, and also deprivation of certain rights (fair wages and work hours). During the Roosevelt Presidency a major labor relation movement was the 1902 Coal strike.The strike was led by John Mitchell led 140, 000 out on strike for 20 percent pay raise, 8 hour day, and union recognition. Roosevelt decided that he would arbitrate the dispute, the workers agreed to this, however the owners did not. Roosevelt finally threatened to use the military and take over the mines, and the owners finally agreed to let Roosevelt arbitrate. In March of 1903 Roosevelt made a settlement, the workers and owners agreed on a 9-hour day, a 10 percent raise, but no union recognition. However these coal companies were also encouraged to raise the prices to compensate for the costs of raises.This was the first time that the federal government didnt arbitrate on the side of management; rather it treated both sides as equals. Labor reform was also a part of the New Freedom Policy. The Keating-Owen Act of 1916 (inspired by The Bitter Cry of Children by John Sparks) prohibited the interstate transportation of products made by children (attempting to induce the practice of keeping kids under 14 out of the labor force). Though law was never passed it showed growing recognition for the need of hill labor laws and regulation.

World Heritage Sites Assignment Essay Example

World Heritage Sites Assignment Essay Australia was the seventh country to approve the convention, in 1974. In Australia, the federal government is responsible for the nomination of World Heritage sites. However, governments do not decide whether a site in their country is inscribed on the World Heritage List. That decision is made by the World Heritage Committee, a group of elected representatives of 21 of the States Parties based at UNESCO headquarters in Paris. What is the difference between a cultural site and a natural site? The difference between a cultural site and a natural site is Cultural heritage sites are man- made sites which reflect the culture of our human ancestors like the Pyramids of Egypt or the Great Wall of China. Natural heritage sites are sites that is created by natural forces and reflects the natural wonders like the Grand Canyon or the Great Barrier Reef. 2. Location and Map Location of Hyde Park Barracks on world map Location of Hyde park Barracks on a local map 3. Site Information Hyde Park Barracks Information The Hyde Park Barracks are where the convicts from the First Fleet lived. It is now a popular place for tourists and locals to go because it is extremely interesting to see how the convicts lived and went about their daily lives. What is special about the Hyde Park Barracks? What I think is special about the Hyde park Barracks is that it is part Of our history as a nation. If we were to destroy it, we would destroy part of our history as Australians. Why was it given World Heritage Status? Think it was given World Heritage Status because if we destroyed it we would to be able to replace it and that would be to destroy part of our history, part of us. We will write a custom essay sample on World Heritage Sites Assignment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on World Heritage Sites Assignment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on World Heritage Sites Assignment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Also it would be getting rid of an interesting tourist attraction. 4. Site Management How is the site currently managed? The site is managed by the Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales as a museum open to the public for a small fee. Are there any problems associated with tourism or environmental damage?

Cisneros-biography essays

Cisneros-biography essays Sandra Cisneros writing has been shaped by her experiences. Because of her unique background she is very different from traditional American writers. An important theme of her work is the heterogeneity of the Mexican-American community, expressed through differences of class, gender, education, and language use. From the start of her life Sandra Cisneros didnt have what you or I would consider a normal childhood. As a person growing up in a society where the class norm was superimposed on a television screen, I couldnt understand why our home wasnt all green lawns and white wood like in the ones in Leave it to Beaver and My Father Knows Best.(Ghosts). She had a tough time believing her fate was to be spent in poverty, so she looked for an escape. An escape that led her to a book called The Little House, which she would continually check out of the library as a kid. It was her favorite because it contained her dream house, one house for one family that was secure and lasting. Throughout Cisneros life she was never allowed much time to get settled into one place or one home. Her Mexican-American Mother, her Mexican father, and her six brothers were constantly moving between Mexico City and Chicago-where she was born. Unable to establish lasting friendships and having no sisters forced Sandra to bury her loneliness in books. In high school she began writing poetry and even took over as the editor for the literary magazine, but according to her she didnt start to really write until her first creative writing class in college of 1974. After that it took her a while to find her own voice. She said in her book Ghosts... I rejected what was at hand and emulated the voices of the poets I admired in books: big male voices like James Wright and Richard Hugo and Theodore Roethke, all wrong for me."(Ghosts). ...

Information technology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Information technology - Term Paper Example The areas of responsibility of the IT Manager include but not limited to the IT Project Management, Computer Network and Server Administration, compliance of Information Technology and procedures, Information Security, moreover, the responsibility of automating a company by implementing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) including diverse departments (finance, sales & marketing, procurement, operations, inventory etc.) of a company. However, a lead IT Manager can also be responsible for the developing and implementing information technology policy, strategic direction and planning for implementing information technology standards in a company by utilizing human and technical resources. One of the known definitions of the management is â€Å"getting things done through other people† (The Big Geek, 2010). It would be a great opportunity for me to work as Lead Information Technology Manager in Magnum Enterprises. Keeping in view the diverse roles of the lead IT manager and the pu rpose of Magnum Enterprises for hiring me, I would like to discuss on integrating the software, hardware and business management capabilities. I believe that the role of IT Management includes: the research and development by understanding the IT requirements of the company and implementing software and deploying hardware so that the company should be able to enhance productivity. In order to achieve my objective, I need to work on developing the policies, action plans keeping in view the operations of the company. The IT policy and strategic plans should be in accordance to the company’s priorities so that the company would able to achieve its predefined goals. Actually, the IT is utilized to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the company’s business processes by developing and utilizing software applications / products so that the customer’s of the company should get quality services. Once the company would be able to achieve customer satisfaction, the company would ultimately get increase profitability and competitiveness. It is significant to know the goal, objectives and mission statement of the company before developing any strategy. Therefore, primarily I will review the company’s goals and objectives to keep myself informed of the priorities of the Magnum Enterprise. It will not only give me the right direction but also guide me to take informed decisions. It is important to investigate the business process of the Magnum Enterprises, moreover, the current IT infrastructure, provision of services to the customers, the prevailing IT standards and procedures. One of the important responsibilities of the lead IT manager is to communicate with all the stakeholders. Furthermore, I believe that the lead IT manager is a mediator between the company’s senior management and the team, therefore, it is equivalently significant that I should know the tools required for reporting to the senior management / Chief Information Officer (CIO) – Ms. Rachel Heigl. Furthermore, the current job roles of the team so that I could be able to assign the tasks to my team. It is primarily the responsibility of the lead IT manager to motivate, inform and utilize the team in an appropriate manner so that the team would be occupied to achieve the company’

Sex Education Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sex Education Paper - Essay Example I have personally felt the need to re-evaluate our cultural and traditional understandings of these issues and how they affect our understanding as we continue to grow up. I got a lot of information about sex and sexuality from very different sources. My family, both my parents and aunts, were at hand to provide me with a wide range of information about myself and my body and how to act and keep myself amidst all the changes that were taking place in my body during my teenage years. The media were also very instrumental in giving me information through various TV shows, music and movies. I also got to read magazines and journals about sexual health, some of which were very erotic. School was also a very important environment for me to learn more about sex, both informally through my friends and formally through the school curriculum. In the later stages of my teenage years, I mostly relied on my peers and the internet for information since we had a common consensus that our parents d id not provide us with helpful information and that they did not want us to participate in sexual activities for unknown or unqualified reasons at the time. A recent study about reproductive health among youths and adolescents conducted by Stanford University, however, points out that the sources that I relied upon such as the internet are to a large extent erratic. The study found out that some of the information contained on various websites across the internet contain outdated advice, omissions and are riddled with errors, therefore, making them possible channels of misinformation and myths associated with sex and sexuality (Knox and Schacht 58). Given this wide range of informational sources regarding this subject, I must admit that my sexual life as a teenager was based on a lot of misinformation and myths which at the time, I believed to be the absolute truth. Some of them, especially the ones I got from school my parents, were in fact true although I did not regard them as su ch during the that time. My parents and close family relatives told me a lot of lies about sex in a bid to protect me from knowing the truth at such a tender age for fear that I would be interested in trying out. They, therefore, sought to present sex as a negative and an unpleasant thing, most especially if done outside marriage. One of the biggest myths that I gathered at from this is that marital sex is the only safe, desired and enjoyable sexual activity. Over the year, however, as I have grown up and gathered more information, both from experience and from reliable research studies, I have come to the conclusion that it is not true. Marital sex, despite being legitimate, is coupled up with so many issues involving consensus. I was stunned to discover that rape can also occur in a marriage set up in cases where one of the partners does not consent to the sexual activity (Knox and Schacht 67). This proved to me that marital sex is not that much enjoyable as it was portrayed to me by my family. It was only a myth to help me avoid being involved in sexual activities at a young age and before marriage. Among my peers, we believed that having multiple sexual partners before would help one to be more experienced

Toyota Business Strategy In Global Environment Marketing Essay

Toyota Business Strategy In Global Environment Marketing Essay There have been two reasons of arbitrariness at work to evolve Toyota from its very humble beginning to a world renowned car maker. Firstly, the oil crisis of mid 1970s became an exogenous jolt that increased the demand for smaller and fuel-efficient vehicles in the U.S. Toyota was a making these cars and the U.S buyers who would never have bought Toyota cars , were stirred to make the purchase for the first time. Many of them got pleasantly surprised by the value offered by Toyota and became long term customers as oil prices soared. The oil crisis, in a sense, proved a welcome break and a critical incident to get entrance to the main-stream of the automobile market in U.S. The Toyota Production System can be called a paradox as on one side, all activities, production flows and connections in a Toyota plant are inflexibly scripted. Yet, its operations are extremely flexible and quite responsive to consumer demands, at the same time. It is considered that the very inflexibility of the operations which makes flexibilities reality. It is because of the operations can be regarded as constant series of controlled experiments. Upon defining any specification, it is actually making a hypothesis which can then be examined in action. This scientific method way is not forced on its workforce rather ingrained in them. It inspires them to indulge in the type of tested and experiments that are generally accepted as the basis of a learning organisation. The Toyota Production System evolved from the day to day working of the company over a long period and has actually never been written down as a manual. Toyota builds up all its working operations as experiments and i ngrains the scientific method to its workforce. The first step establishes how workers do their job. The second is how they interact with each other. The third is about the construction of the production lines. Lastly, how workers can learn to improve. Every production path, link, and action planned on these steps should have built-in tests which can indicate problems straight away. And this apparently inflexible system is made so flexible and adaptive to its ever changing environment through the repeated responses to those in built tests. This made it well positioned in the mist of 1970s oil crisis. Toyota coming from the Japan where size and fuel economy were big issues then in the U. S. But after the Oil crisis, Toyota just had want the U.S consumers were looking for in a dramatically changed environment. According to Louis Pasture, Fortune favours the prepared mind, and this small piece of fortune could have proved useless had Toyota made poorer cars. But instead, U.S consumers straight away realized its quality which was a reflection of its tradition and strategy of production excellence, of reduction in costs and defects and improvement in the quality. The use of thorough standardization to achieve a strategic flexibility is an apparent paradox at the centre of Toyotas excellent quality and efficiency through making a lot more predictable quality and timing outcomes than possible otherwise. Common architecture, standardization of the processes and reusability are the concepts and tools included in this kind of principle. Taking waste out of the product development process is absolute critical. Actually, standardization of skills, processes and designs enable for the customization of specific programme, broader individual responsibility and a JIT HR strategy, more elastic capacities for product development and quite a few other benefits. The ministry of international trade and industry (MITI) encouraged Japanese firm to enter to automobile industry despite establish competitors from the West by imposing high tariffs discouraging import and prohibiting foreign ownership. Post-war conditions put Japan into a country lacking significant capital, so that Japan had to rely mostly on producing its own technology. Toyota family vehicles are preferred and popular. Toyota needs to develop new technology to enhance their diesel engines, to make less pollution which will impact the low CO2 emission in environment, and which will be socially benefit for the world. Toyota needs consistent policies, regulations and incentives to accelerate technology and acceptance of technology. Toyota overall technology is good but its electric cars have an issue of less battery time etc. In Toyota the process of decision making is mostly done by the top level management according to the facts and findings of the research departments. Toyota got very strict organisational structure in order to achieve their high goals in international market. Firstly Taiichi Ohno was the guy who basically designed their management style and gave the Toyotas most famous concept of Toyota production system or lean manufacturing system. According to Ohno work means the production of the perfect goods only, because he thinks that if a machine is not producing the perfect goods then it is not in good working condition or maybe not working. This concept tells us that Toyota is very quality conscious. But actually now Toyota is being questioned about the quality after millions of recalls and hundreds of accidents in last four months to Toyota drivers. But actually in Toyota when the decision making is done then the workers are really pushed hard by the managers to achieve the targets. And thats why currently Toyota is facing problem with Brake override system and they had to recall millions of cars, because software problem related to brake and acceleration system and in some models gas pedal sticks with the floor pad. All competitors of Toyota are already using this brake override Technology but Toyota was slow to understand this technology but now they are saying that in future this system will be available in all Toyota upcoming cars. But honestly speaking in U.S Toyotas reputation has been reduced tremendously after some accidents due to their mistakes. And now currently at first place Toyota should do something to get the customer confidence back to prosper in future market. http://www.mainstreet.com/article/smart-spending/autos/what-toyota-should-have-done-brake-override?page=1 http://www.egmcartech.com/2010/02/26/inaba-toyota-shouldve-done-a-better-job-sharing-information-with-lawmakers/ Toyota needs to improve the knowledge management system because only then they can learn from their past mistakes and their solutions and by doing so they can make a strategy to avoid those mistakes in future. Toyota should be quick to spot new technologies those are highly recommended by different markets for the safety of the road users. Try to design products for different regions according to the needs of local people where the final product will be used. As company want to be more globalised then we should try to build a database in which everything is available for each and every individual who is working in Toyota anywhere in the world. There should be a system through which company can communicate more effectively to decrease the safety defect issues in products around the globe. Always try to consider local knowledge about the industry before designing any type of vehicle for local people and presenting or marketing it around the globe. Try to do more than competitors in every market to please the consumer, because this will contribute to brand loyalty and then people will have more confidence to buy a Toyota product. As Toyota want to compete in the international market in more countries then marketing strategy for each country or region should be different and according to the local way of thinking. Toyota should try to localise production and supply base to avoid expenses like storage and transportation. And it also enables them work more quickly and efficiently in most of the times. Find workers which are needed for the job and develop them according to the needs of the company to achieve high and efficient productivity. Toyota should always keep a look on all types of suppliers and their product quality because its directly related with the Toyotas product quality. As product designs and technologies are changing day by day thats why Toyota should not indulge itself to long term contracts with suppliers. Train and encourage innovative people working within the company to create something new and exciting for international markets according to the demand of public and international standards. There should be no compromise on the user safety of the product in any kind of circumstances. For the purpose of more globalization of Toyota supply chain management should be improved to oblige the commitments in international market. Dealers working with Toyota motors should be trained in such a way that customer service and support should be their main priority. The decisions that are concerned with the environment in which the firm operates, the entire resources, owner of company and the interface between the two are known as strategic decision. Here are some of the characteristic of strategic decision Strategic decisions play an important role for an organisation. These decisions may be related to the new resources, organising others or reallocating others. Strategic decision deal with the threats and opportunities with harmonizing organizational resource capabilities. Strategic decisions are long term decision. Strategic decisions are what is our future panning and these decisions are made very carefully. Strategic decisions are always arranged according to the organisation mission and vision. These decisions are related to the overall planning of the organisation. These decisions deal with the organisation growth that how we have to do planning for the successful future of the organisation. Strategic are always at the top most level, as these deal with the future so these decision are always uncertain and involve lot of risk. Strategic decisions are complex in nature. Figure 1 Strategic decisions are always designed to help the senior management to improve the quality of their decisions. The whole process of strategic decision gives all the participants a good grasp of modern concept of strategic analysis. However all the decision are made by the managers and the people at the senior level but strategic decision will help the managers that how to deal with the process of decision making. Cost leadership mean to gain the competitive advantage over the rivals in market. In order to gain the competitive advantage firms always try to recruit cheap labour and produce the goods at low cost. Firms try to sell their products at average price to gain higher profits than its rivals or they sell their products below the average industry price to the higher market share. However it does not mean that low cost always lead to low price of the product. If you are the only producer of the product in the market then you can produce the product at the low price and can sell the product at your desired price. Some of the organisations are very good in that strategy, such as Toyota, they are not producing high quality autos at low price level, but they have their brand name and use high quality marketing skills to maintain a premium price policy. (www.marketingteacher.com). (www.coursework4you.co.uk) Figure 1 Micheal poters generic model (1985) Just in time: Just in time mean what is needed, when its needed and the quantity needed. In order to produce a large number of products such as automobile, which consist of almost 30,000 parts, it is very important to create a detailed production plan, for example. If we work on the production plan we can eliminate so many factors like waste, inconsistencies in production and work, and unreasonable requirement and this all can lead to an improved productivity of product. Toyota use pull approach for the production like kanban card paced pull strategy to minimize the inventory level. In the pull strategy customer demands the product and pull it out from the delivery channel. This is because when the demand and the production of the product in very high and it is used to decrease the lead time. Differentiating your product what is also call a pull strategy in these days is basically a genuine pull strategy. And all thye marketing approach is diverted to this pull strategy. The just in time pioneer Toyota using pull strategy which manages there inventory level in the cost effective away and stringent possible way that does not mean that the product is made and pushed to the customer but it is produced in response to the customer. This strategy is becoming common now a days and every firm tries to follows this strategy. Toyota is using a cacr electronic to increase the communication between people, society and automobile. To achieve their goal they have dividing ITS in to five basic areas to work on. So by the managing and coordinating the relation between them the plan is main tain the high growth and development which is called as total Mobility Company. The first car that has the more complex and sophisticated function which include onboard computers and sensor which control the car function and second they are providing the multimedia for their vehicles which represent the new field for the mobile communication. Conceptual diagram of the Kanban System Two kinds of kanban (the production instruction kanban and the parts retrieval kanban) are used for managing parts. (www2.toyota.co.jp) http://www.managementstudyguide.com/strategic-decisions.htm http://tools.ashridge.org.uk/website/content.nsf/FileLibrary/4C8918B0EA4CDB988025718E00558E14/$file/STDC.pdf http://www2.toyota.co.jp/en/vision/production_system/just.html Inside the mind of Toyota: management principles for enduring growth   By Satoshi Hino ..page number 327 edition 2006 Information technology strategies: how leading firms use IT to gain an advantage   By William V. Rapp..page number 149..152edition 2002 http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_generic_strategies.htm http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/generic.shtml http://www.coursework4you.co.uk/essays-and-dissertations/porter-generic-strategies.php As we know that Toyota is the leading automobile company but to gain the competitive advantage on its rivals in automobile industry is not so easy. There are many competitive challenges which Toyota is facing in the global market environment. Basically competitive challenges are a research offering design to help asset management, to improve the productivity and effectiveness of a business and to maintain the standard performance against competitors. Competitive challenges are confront in annual competitive challenges report on the competitive dynamics of the industry. Competitive challenges identify the inefficiencies in an organisation. It also examine the; profitability, productivity, asset growth, and product competitiveness, customer satisfaction and marketing. Senior managers are enabling to plan business strategic objectives by highlighting the areas of success and failure compared to peers. It allows you to clearly identify sales resource efficiency. http://www.greenwich.com/WMA/products_services/comp_chal/comp_chal_home visited 29/03/10 at 21.20 Toyota is great example of what happens when your competitors build a strategic advantage by setting a high standard in a critical area. For more than two decades Toyota and Honda have been the quality leaders in attracting car buyers who wants better reliability and quality in their vehicles. In Dec-2009, the economists described the problem of quality issues which Toyota is facing and how it is trying to deal with them. Akio Toyoda the president of company recognises that there is need for an innovative design to beat competitors. That may be challenge. Toyotas success has been built on its reliability and standard of quality. http://www.baldrige.com/sector/business/toyotas-strategic-challenge/ To maintain quality standards and building an innovative design is not an easy task. Toyota never compromise on quality but still having problems due to its massive production. Consequently, to establish in the global market the three main technologies, TPS (Toyota production system, TDS (Toyota development system), TMS (Toyota marketing system) should be established and strengthened. http://williamghunter.net/images/toyota_management_structure.png Management structure at Toyota In global market a firm face number of challenges these challenges the effect the competitive and determines how the firm can achieve economies of scale in multi countries environment. In striving to develop a strategy that will make it more competitive, the firm must deal with four interrelated challenges of global marketing strategy. To bring the change and be innovative is very big challenge for every firm and for Toyota as well. Rapid change pervades product development, production processes and it also builds the competitive pressure as customers more mobile and is exposed new ideas through new global media. Introducing a new model every year has become compulsory which incurs high cost and also keeps in consideration the taste, culture and infrastructure of the area. Rapid change has both positive and negative aspects. To bring a positive change you have to be very care full about the utilization of resources effectively. For instance, we know very well that Toyota launched its new model Prius and the car has a manufacture fault. It was a good change but lake of quality management and now faced a huge loss and company recalled for its 8.5 million cars because of its accelerator and floor mat problem. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8505402.stm http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=enq=four+challenges+of+global+marketmeta=aq=faqi=aql=oq=gs_rfai= Another challenge which most of the companies face is complexity of managing international operations. Technological advances enable management to control operations on a broader geographic scale but at the same time these advances add complexity, as management has to analyse tools and skills to handle the international infrastructure. As we know Toyota is already facing a quality problem because of its massive production. As we know Toyota mostly designed its all product in Japan according to the local environment and launches the same product in the international market. It increases the complexity of product. Yet it is difficult for the organization which elevates quantity its main goal instead to focus on providing the highest quality. Toyota is putting more pressure on their supplier to increase their production without listening to their possible effects on quality. This is because of in experience Toyota managers and rapid expansion. The level of complexity increase when Toyot a introduced a hybrid vehicle, the Prius with its two power sources which requires greater engineering expertise. http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/02/toyota_the_downside_of_hyper_g.html Increasing competition in global market brings another challenge to Toyota at all stages of involvement in international market. In countries such as India, China, Malaysia the threat of competition is more because, their own domestic market is opening up to foreign competition, increasing more awareness of international market opportunities. Competition can be on different basis like delivering superior quality to consumers. However Toyotas success on global market depends on knowledge accumulation and effective use of resources. Introduction of hybrid car by Toyota is one of great example of building a competitive advantage and capturing the global market. http://www.hoovers.com/company/Toyota_Motor_Corporation/crxxsi-1.html http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=enq=four+challenges+of+global+marketmeta=aq=faqi=aql=oq=gs_rfai= This challenge relates to the firms social responsibilities in the global market place. Environmental issues for example, to limit pollution of the atmosphere through the emission of gases and other toxic substances is one of the challenges Toyota is facing. To produce and design which are environmentally friendly is very challenging. Rapid change, higher competition and increased complexity in the global market make it more difficult. To become environment friendly Toyota has come a long way since they launch their first hybrid car ten years ago. http://www.design21sdn.com/organizations/196/posts/997 These are some problems which is Toyota facing from last few years. The problems started in 1998 with Toyotas luxury car Lexus and now Toyota again in trouble with its newly launched Prius hybrid car. After becoming the giant of automobile Toyota looks bit careless. But when we talk to Toyotas representatives then we found that the reality is different. After the recent scenario people have started thinking about Toyota. In the light of Toyotas recent quality failure we can easily say that Toyota is only focusing on massive production. We can say if Toyota start focusing on some current issues which company facing now then Toyota can gain its lost repute easily. References Inside the mind of Toyota: management principles for enduring growth   By Satoshi Hino ..page number 327 edition 2006 Information technology strategies: how leading firms use IT to gain an advantage   By William V. Rapp..page number 149..152edition 2002 http://www.thinkingmanagers.com/companies/toyota.php http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/02/can_toyota_hansei_its_way_out.html http://www.mainstreet.com/article/smart-spending/autos/what-toyota-should-have-done-brake-override?page=1 http://www.egmcartech.com/2010/02/26/inaba-toyota-shouldve-done-a-better-job-sharing-information-with-lawmakers/ http://www.managementstudyguide.com/strategic-decisions.htm http://tools.ashridge.org.uk/website/content.nsf/FileLibrary/4C8918B0EA4CDB988025718E00558E14/$file/STDC.pdf http://www2.toyota.co.jp/en/vision/production_system/just.html http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_generic_strategies.htm http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/generic.shtml http://www.coursework4you.co.uk/essays-and-dissertations/porter-generic-strategies.php http://www.greenwich.com/WMA/products_services/comp_chal/comp_chal_home visited 29/03/10 at 21.20 http://www.baldrige.com/sector/business/toyotas-strategic-challenge/ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8505402.stm http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=enq=four+challenges+of+global+marketmeta=aq=faqi=aql=oq=gs_rfai= http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/02/toyota_the_downside_of_hyper_g.html http://www.hoovers.com/company/Toyota_Motor_Corporation/crxxsi-1.html http://www.design21sdn.com/organizations/196/posts/997 http://www.fastlane.com.au/News_Toyota/vision_2010.htm http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100210132838AAHTQJm http://www.fastlane.com.au/News_Toyota/vision_2010.htm http://www.mainstreet.com/article/smart-spending/autos/what-toyota-should-have-done-brake-override?page=1 http://www.egmcartech.com/2010/02/26/inaba-toyota-shouldve-done-a-better-job-sharing-information-with-lawmakers/ www.marketingteacher.com www.coursework4you.co.uk http://www.managementstudyguide.com/strategic-decisions.htm http://tools.ashridge.org.uk/website/content.nsf/FileLibrary/4C8918B0EA4CDB988025718E00558E14/$file/STDC.pdf http://www2.toyota.co.jp/en/vision/production_system/just.html http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_generic_strategies.htm http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/generic.shtml http://www.coursework4you.co.uk/essays-and-dissertations/porter-generic-strategies.php http://www.greenwich.com/WMA/products_services/comp_chal/comp_chal_home visited 29/03/10 at 21.20 http://www.baldrige.com/sector/business/toyotas-strategic-challenge/ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8505402.stm http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=enq=four+challenges+of+global+marketmeta=aq=faqi=aql=oq=gs_rfai= http://www.design21sdn.com/organizations/196/posts/997

The Impact of the New Deal on the Great Depression Era Essay -- Americ

The Impact of the New Deal on the Great Depression Era In 1933, President Roosevelt proposed New Deal legislation to alleviate the effects of the Great Depression through various public works programs and other federal initiatives. The many reforms of the New Deal were racked by intense criticism from their very beginnings. The New Deal was a catalyst in the surge of the federal government’s power. One year before the financial collapse on Wall Street, President Hoover said, â€Å"We in America today are nearer to the financial triumph over poverty than ever before in the history of our land† (Major 31). This overly confident statement was outrageously wrong. On October 24, 1929, the Wall Street stock market plummeted. As of that date, the beginning of the Great Depression has infamously become known as â€Å"Black Thursday.† The nation and its leaders were at first put off-guard by the unanticipated event of the economy crashing. However, a few leaders during Hoover’s remaining years in office did show signs that the government’s program of laissez-fair economics were out of date in resolving this catastrophe. Among the early proponents of direct welfare-relief was Wisconsin Republican Robert LaFollette Jr.. LaFollette went against the Republican political grain by proposing legislation that would help the plight of the poor by using federal relief money. Nevertheless, his plan could not be passed by the strong anti-welfare Republican majority (Landis par. 3). With the election of President Roosevelt in 1933, Americans of all social status felt a new found hope for an end to the depression. Roosevelt quickly began encouraging Congress to pass national relief bills after he was elected president. Only two months after his in... ..., and ‘Natural’ Disaster Relief: Narrating the American Welfare State.† Law and Society Review 33 (1999): 257-318. WilsonSelect Full Text Database. OCLC FirstSearch. M.M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg Junior College. 19 May 2000 http://firstsearch.altip.oclc.org/. Major, John The New Deal. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1967. Romanscu, Albert U., et al. The New Deal: The National Level. Ed. John Braeman, Robert H. Bremner, and David Brady. Columbus: Ohio State UP, 1975. Roosevelt, Franklin D. â€Å"Letters to the Nation’s Clergy.† 24 Sept. 1935. FDR Library. Stewart, Richard B. â€Å"Evaluating the New Deal.† Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 22 (1998): 239-46. Academic Search FullTEXT Elite. EBSCOHost. M.M. Bennett Lib>, St. Petersburg Junior College. 19 May 2000 http://gw2.epnet.com/. With the Civilian Conservation Corps.† American Forests July 1933: np.

Is Money the Biggest Motivator for People at the Workplace Essay

Many people believe that they are motivated by solely earning money, but this is not entirely true, because other factors like variety of workplace and the need to be appreciated for the work they do. Motivation is the set of processes that moves a person toward a goal. Thus, motivated behaviours are voluntary choices controlled by the individual employee. Factors that affect work motivation include individual differences, job characteristics, and organizational practices. Individual differences are the personal needs, values, and attitudes, interests and abilities that people bring to their jobs. The need to be appreciated for the work they do may be reflected in the prestige attached to their job, and while the need for a variety in the workplace may be satisfied by an interesting or fun job. A factor, which effects motivation, is that every individual has a variety of different needs. For example an employee may prefer to work on their own rather than in a friendly team. In order to have good motivation employees needs have to be established. This is shown in how lack of motivation equals reduced effort and lack of commitment. An example of how employee’s needs could be satisfied is through involving them in discussions so that they feel recognised and wanted. A business could also set up discussions with management about goals and working practises which would make employees feel their opion counts and also that their contribution is valuable.

The Connection Between Gun Control Legislation and Gun Crime

In the aftermath of the June 2016 mass shooting in Orlando, a debate has again turned to whether gun control legislation actually works to reduce gun-related violence. Over the years studies have produced mixed results, which fuels the debate, providing science-based arguments on both sides. However, researchers at Columbia Universitys Mailman School of Public Health have now settled the debate by conducting a massive international review of studies published all the way back to 1950. They found that gun control laws are in fact associated with lower rates of gun-related violence in most countries. About the Study The study, titled  What Do We Know About the Association Between Firearm Legislation and Firearm-Related Injuries? was published in  Epidemiologic Reviews  in February 2016. Lead by Dr. Julian Santaella-Tenorio, a team of researchers examined the findings from 130 studies from 10 countries published between 1950 and 2014. The studies reviewed were all conducted to examine the connection  between gun laws and gun-related homicides, suicides, and unintentional injuries and deaths. The laws in question covered a range of issues related to citizen access to guns. They included laws that govern the use of guns, like the right to carry and stand your ground laws; the sale of guns, including background checks and waiting periods; ownership restrictions, like bans on purchasing for persons with a felony record or documented mental condition; storage-related laws designed to prevent child access in the home; and laws that regulate access to certain guns like automatic and semi-automatic weapons and high-capacity magazines. The studies reviewed included numerous other laws within these categories, ​which are listed in full in the report. The Convincing and Consistent Evidence While the researchers did find some conflicting findings within their review, they found enough convincing and consistent evidence across various locations to conclude that laws that restrict access to and govern the use of guns are  associated with reductions in gun-related deaths, lower rates of intimate partner homicide, and reductions in unintentional gun-related deaths of children. The researchers, however, emphasize that their findings from the review of these 130 studies do not prove causality between gun control legislation and reduced rates of gun violence. Rather, the findings point to an association or correlation between the two variables. Santaella-Tenorio summed this up for Columbia Universitys online news outlet, saying,  In most countries, we saw evidence of the reduction in the firearm death rates after the enactment of firearm legislation.† A Look at Other Nations   Honing in on specifics, the study found  laws that target multiple aspects of gun control reduced gun-related deaths in some countries. They highlight the well-known clear evidence from Australia that followed the passage of the countrys 1996 National Firearm Agreement. Studies that have examined rates of gun violence following the passage of this legislative package found that it led to a decline in gun-related deaths, gun-related suicides, and mass shootings. The researchers point out that similar studies found similar results in other nations. Studies of Targeted Laws   Focusing on studies of more targeted laws, the researchers found that in some cases, restrictions on purchasing, access, and use of guns are associated with reduced gun-related deaths. Studies from the U.S. show that when background checks include restraining orders, fewer women are killed by current or former romantic partners through the use of guns. Further, some studies from the U.S. show that laws that require background checks to include local mental health facility records are associated with fewer gun-related suicides. Studies of Legislation in Place The review also found that studies that focused on legislation that relaxes gun laws, like stand your ground and right to carry laws, and the repeal of existing laws leads  to an increase in gun-related homicides. So, contrary to the belief of the NRA and many others in the U.S., the right to carry laws do not reduce gun violence. Theres never been more compelling evidence that legislative control of our access to and use of guns is a benefit to society.